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REVIEW ARTICLE |
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Botulinum toxin: An effective treatment for prosthesis-related hyperhidrosis in patients with traumatic amputations |
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Amanda Lezanski Gujda, Jonathan L Bingham, Nicholas F Logemann DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148906 PMID:25657907Hyperhidrosis-related to prosthesis use in patients who have suffered a traumatic limb amputation presents itself as a barrier to comfort, prosthesis use and overall quality of life. This review intends to encourage dermatologists to consider the use of botulinum toxin A or B for the treatment of hyperhidrosis in the residual limb and may serve as a stimulus for a modern, in-depth, and more comprehensive study. A review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed database, focusing on hyperhidrosis treatment after traumatic limb amputation. Articles discussing hyperhidrosis treatment for amputations secondary to chronic medical conditions were excluded. Seven case studies published over the last 12 years have demonstrated positive outcomes of this treatment strategy. Overall, there is little data examining this topic and current publications focus primarily on small case series. A larger, double-blind, placebo-controlled study would likely benefit veterans, service members, and civilians. |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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The effectiveness of matrix cauterization with trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of ingrown toenails |
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Erdinc Terzi, Ulas Guvenc, Belma Türsen, Tamer İrfan Kaya, Teoman Erdem, Ümit Türsen DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148912 PMID:25657908Ingrown toenail is an often painful clinical condition that usually affects the big toe. Chemical matricectomy with phenol has a low recurrence rate and good cosmetic results. However, it produces extensive tissue destruction that can result in drainage and delayed healing. Alternatives such as sodium hydroxide and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) have therefore come into vogue. A total of 39 patients with 56 ingrown toenail edges underwent chemical matricectomy with 90% TCA after partial nail avulsion. In most of the patients, adverse effects such as postoperative pain and drainage were minimal. One patient who underwent matricectomy had recurrence in a single nail edge (1.8%) at 12 months follow-up. No recurrence was observed among 38 patients during the mean follow-up period. This was considered to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). Partial nail avulsion followed by TCA matricectomy is a safe, simple, and effective method with low rates of postoperative morbidity and high rates of success. |
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KAP Study on Sexually Transmitted Infections/Reproductive Tract Infections (STIs/RTIs) among married women in rural Haryana |
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SA Rizwan, Rama S Rath, Gupta Vivek, Nitika , Gupta Anant, Ahamed Farhad, Silan Vijay DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148919 PMID:25657909Context: About 490 million cases of curable Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI) occur throughout the world, of which 79 million cases occur in India annually. Sexually Transmitted Infections/Reproductive Tract Infections (STI/RTI) confers a huge economic burden on the individual and the health system. Complications of RTI/STI are many, ranging from chronic pain syndrome to infertility. Most of these complications can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment. Aims: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices on STI/RTIs among married women aged 15-45 years in rural Haryana. Setting and Design: Cross-sectional study, conducted in selected villages under the primary health centre Mandi, Sonepat, Haryana. Subjects and Methods: Systematic sampling was used to cover 10 villages. In each village, every tenth house was sampled, taking first house from the center of the village. Face-to-face interview was conducted using pretested questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics and results were described in percentages. Results: A total of 344 women were interviewed. About 44% women had never heard of STI/RTI. The prevalence of self-reported symptoms of STI/RTI was very high (60%). Only 40% of them opted for treatment and most common cause for not opting for treatment was that they considered it as a minor problem. Advice for use of condom during the treatment was received by only 20% of patients and only 26.5% of their husbands also received treatment. Conclusions: Overall knowledge, attitude and practices relating to STI/RTI among married women in rural Haryana was poor. The prevalence of self-reported STI/RTI was found to be high and treatment seeking behavior was poor. |
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Beta-catenin expression in psoriasis |
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Mohamed Abd El-wahed Gaber, Mona Abd El-Halim Kandil, Shawki Mahmoud El-Farargy, Doaa Abd Elmoniem Galbet DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148923 PMID:25657910Background: Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Beta-catenin participates in intercellular adhesion. Catenins are proteins found in complexes with cadherin cell adhesion molecules of cells. The role of catenin in regulating keratinocyte stem cell differentiation and hair follicle morphogenesis has been extensively reported. Aims and Objectives: is to study β-catenin expression in lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin to throw light upon its possible role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Materials and Methods: Biopsies were taken from 20 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and from 10 normal controls. The distribution of Beta catenin was investigated using polycolonal rabbits B-catenin antibody-1 by immunohistochemical method. Results: In this study membranous β-catenin expression was significantly demonstrated in the control group then the non-lesional areas in comparison to the lesional areas (P < 0.001). Nuclear β-catenin staining expression was significantly more demonstrated in lesional and non-lesional areas in comparison to the control cases (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The down regulation of membranous β-catenin expression in lesional psoriatic skin might reflect a useful phenotypic marker of hyperprolifration of keratinocytes in psoriasis. Moreover, the mild down regulation of membranous β-catenin expression in non lesional psoriatic skin may provide clues about incipient structural abnormalities in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, providing an early diagnostic indicator for evolution to a generalized form of the disease. Nuclear β-catenin expression was not found in the control group but was demonstrated in lesional and moderately in non-lesional reflecting its role in kerationcyte proliferation. |
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Topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride: An account of maintenance of hair density after replacing oral finasteride  |
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BS Chandrashekar, T Nandhini, Vani Vasanth, Rashmi Sriram, Shreya Navale DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148925 PMID:25657911Background: Finasteride acts by reducing dihydrotestosterone levels, thereby inhibiting miniaturization of hair follicles in patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Oral finasteride is associated with side effects such as decreased libido, sexual dysfunction, and gynecomastia. Aim: The aim of the following study is to assess the efficacy of maintaining hair growth with 5% topical minoxidil fortified with 0.1% finasteride in patients with AGA after initial treatment with 5% topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for two years. Materials and Methods: A retrospective assessment was done in 50 male patients aged 20-40 years with AGA. All the patients had been initially treated with topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for a period of two years, after which the oral finasteride was replaced with topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride. Five of 50 patients had discontinued the treatment for a period of 8-12 months and were then resumed with only topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride. The patients' case sheets and photographs were reviewed by independent observers and the efficacy of minoxidil-finasteride combination was assessed. Results: Of the 45 patients who underwent a continuous treatment for AGA, 84.44% maintained a good hair density with topical minoxidil-finasteride combinatio. Of the five patients who discontinued oral finasteride for 8-12 months, four demonstrated good improvement in hair density when treatment was resumed with topical minoxidil-finasteride combination. Conclusion: Topical finasteride can be considered for hair density maintenance after initial improvement with oral finasteride, thereby obviating the indefinite use of oral finasteride. |
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Diagnostic agreement between a primary care physician and a teledermatologist for common dermatological conditions in North India |
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Binod Kumar Patro, Jaya Prasad Tripathy, Dipankar De, Smita Sinha, Amarjeet Singh, Amrinder Jit Kanwar DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148927 PMID:25657912Background: Primary care physicians (PCPs) encounter a large number of patients with dermatological diseases. However, delivering appropriate management is a challenge considering the inadequate dermatology training offered during the undergraduate medical curriculum. Teledermatology is the clinical evaluation of skin lesions by dermatologists and allows patients to be diagnosed and treated from a distant site. It is seen as a potential solution to the shortage of specialists and providing equitable service in remote areas. Aim: The study was aimed at estimating the diagnostic agreement of common dermatological conditions between a PCP and a teledermatologist. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients with dermatological ailments who attended a primary health care clinic were recruited into the study, examined by the PCP and offered a diagnosis. The clinical images and patients' history were collected and transferred to a dermatologist at a tertiary center who also made a diagnosis. Agreement between diagnosis made by the PCPs and the teledermatologist was measured using kappa (κ) statistics. Results: Overall agreement between the diagnoses made by a PCP and the dermatologist was found to be 56%. Poor κ agreement (<0.4) was seen in the diagnosis of psoriasis and eczema. Conclusion: Teledermatology can supplement specialist dermatology service in remote areas. There was poor agreement in the diagnosis of psoriasis, classifying various types of eczematous conditions and fungal infections. Scarce manpower in dermatology at the primary health care level compounded by the burden of skin ailments necessitates training of PCPs in common dermatological conditions. |
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CASE REPORTS |
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Poikiloderma a varied presentation - Huriez syndrome |
p. 27 |
Priyadarshini Kharge, Carol Fernendes, Vijayeeta Jairath, Madan Mohan, Suresh Chandra DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148929 PMID:25657913Huriez syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by the triad of congenital scleroatrophy of the distal extremities, palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) and hypoplastic nails. We report the case of a 25 year old male, with nonfamilial Huriez syndrome. |
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Multiple nontuberculous scrofulodermas showing dramatic response to clarithromycin |
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Kumar Parimalam, G Senthil, M Vinnarasan, V Arumugakani, BM Amutha, S Lalitha, S Swarna DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148932 PMID:25657914Atypical mycobacteria are distinct from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium chelonae, a non-pigment producing rapid grower, can be found in many cutaneous sites; infection occurs most commonly after skin trauma from surgery, injections, or minor injuries. In immune competent patients, the infection is more frequently localized as a cellulitis or a nodule, whereas, in the immunocompromised patient, dissemination (more than five lesions) can occur. Because the organism is resistant to antituberculous therapy, abscess can develop and follow a chronic, indolent course. We report a case of multiple scrofuloderma due to nontuberculous infection caused by M. chelonae showing dramatic response to clarithromycin. |
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Eosinophilic panniculitis in a female child: An unusual presentation |
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Sonia Jain, Pramod Jain, Preeti Jakhar, VB Shivkumar DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148935 PMID:25657915Eosinophilic panniculitis (EP) is characterized by prominent infiltration of subcutaneous fat with eosinophils. The etiology is diverse. This is not a disease but represents a reaction pattern that may occur in a variety of circumstances. The exact pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. We present the case of a 6-year-old girl child who was diagnosed with EP. |
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Multifocal basal cell carcinoma arising within a linear epidermal nevus |
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Veronica V Mordovtseva DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148936 PMID:25657916Epidermal nevi are usually benign lesions with a lifelong course if left untreated. In rare cases development of basal cell carcinoma in such nevi has been documented. We describe a 32-year-old man with a multifocal malignant transformation within a congenital epidermal nevus. |
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Giant perigenital seborrheic keratosis |
p. 39 |
Debabrata Bandyopadhyay, Abanti Saha, Vivek Mishra DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148939 PMID:25657917Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a very common benign epidermal proliferation that is prevalent in all races. Most commonly occurring on the trunk, face, scalp, and the extremities, they can occur anywhere on the body except the palms and soles. The most common appearance is that of a very superficial verrucous plaque which appears to be stuck on the surface. Giant lesions are very rare, and their location on the genital area is rarer still. We report here a case of multiple giant SK lesions in a 59-year-old man. |
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Neutrophilic dermatosis of dorsal hands |
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S Kaur, D Gupta, B Garg, N Sood DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148940 PMID:25657918Sweet's syndrome is characterized by erythematous tender nodules and plaques over face and extremities. Fever, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and a neutrophilic infiltrate in the dermis are characteristic features. Neutrophilic dermatosis of dorsal hands is a rare localized variant of Sweet's syndrome occurring predominantly over dorsa of hands. Various degrees of vascular damage may be observed on histopathology of these lesions. Both Sweet's syndrome and its dorsal hand variant have been reported in association with malignancies, inflammatory bowel diseases, and drugs. We report a patient with neutrophilic dermatoses of dorsal hands associated with erythema nodosum. He showed an excellent response to corticosteroids and dapsone. |
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CASES FROM ACKERMAN ACADEMY |
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A patient with diffuse hair loss |
p. 46 |
Megha Patel, Dirk M Elston DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148942 PMID:25657919 |
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR |
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An unusual case of tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton schoenleinii in an elderly female |
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Shruti S Ghadgepatil, Yugal K Sharma, Rabindranath Misra, Kedar N Dash, Milind A Patvekar, Kirti S Deo DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148944 PMID:25657920 |
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Discoid lupus erythematosis occurring as an isotopic response |
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K Parimalam, D Dinesh Kumar, Jayakar Thomas DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148948 PMID:25657921 |
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Norwegian scabies: Rare cause of erythroderma |
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Anirban Das, Chittaranjan Bar, Aparesh Patra DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148951 PMID:25657922 |
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Collodion baby with polydactyly |
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Iffat Hassan, Atiya Yaseen, Kaisar Ahmed DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148953 PMID:25657923 |
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Scalp swelling: An unusual presentation of small cell lung carcinoma |
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Laxmikant Ramkumarsingh Tomar, Mukul P Agarwal, Amitesh Aggarwal, Salil Narang, Kiran Mishra DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148954 PMID:25657924 |
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SKINDIA QUIZ |
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SkIndia Quiz 16: A girl with a grotesque face |
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Sudip Das DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.142609 PMID:25657925 |
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THROUGH THE LENS |
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Ulcerated giant labial acrochordon in a child |
p. 60 |
Hatice Uce Ozkol, Gulay Bulut, Sibel Gumus, Omer Calka DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148955 PMID:25657926 |
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Bowen's disease on the dorsum of hand |
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Resham J Vasani DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148956 PMID:25657927 |
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Chronic granulomatous disease |
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Kikkeri Narayanasetty Naveen, Adagadde Venkataramana Pradeep DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.148957 PMID:25657928 |
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